The coronation of Charles II as the King of England in 1661 marked the restoration of the monarchy after years of political turmoil and civil war. The event was celebrated with great pomp and ceremony, and the crown that Charles II wore during his coronation became a symbol of the English monarchy.
The Design of the Crown
The Charles II Coronation Crown was designed by Sir Robert Vyner, a prominent goldsmith and member of the Goldsmiths’ Company. The crown is made of gold and set with 444 precious stones, including diamonds, rubies, sapphires, emeralds, and pearls. The design of the crown is inspired by the Tudor Crown, which was used during the reign of Elizabeth I.
The crown has four arches that support a globe and cross, which symbolizes the sovereignty of the monarch. The arches are adorned with fleurs-de-lis, roses, and thistles, which represent the kingdoms of France, England, and Scotland, respectively. The base of the crown is decorated with an inscription that reads “The Crowne of Charles II, King of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland.”
The History of the Crown
After Charles II’s coronation, the crown was used for other royal ceremonies, including the coronations of James II, William III, and George III. The crown was also used as a symbol of the English monarchy in portraits and official documents.
During the English Civil War, the original crown jewels were destroyed by Oliver Cromwell’s forces. Charles II had a new set of crown jewels made, including the coronation crown, which was completed in 1661.
The crown was last worn by George IV during his coronation in 1821. Since then, the crown has been kept in the Jewel House at the Tower of London, where it is on display for visitors to see.
The Symbolism of the Crown
The Charles II Coronation Crown is more than just a piece of jewelry. It is a symbol of the English monarchy and the power and authority of the monarch. The crown represents the continuity of the monarchy and the link between past and present.
The design of the crown is rich in symbolism, with each element representing a different aspect of the monarchy and the monarch’s role. The globe and cross symbolize the monarch’s dominion over the world, while the fleurs-de-lis, roses, and thistles represent the monarch’s connection to the different kingdoms of England, Scotland, and France.
The Importance of the Crown
The Charles II Coronation Crown is an important part of English history and culture. It is a symbol of the power and authority of the monarch, and a reminder of the continuity of the monarchy throughout the centuries.
The crown is also an important tourist attraction, drawing visitors from around the world to the Tower of London to see it on display. It is a testament to the enduring fascination with the English monarchy and its traditions.
Conclusion
The Charles II Coronation Crown is a remarkable piece of jewelry and a powerful symbol of the English monarchy. Its rich history and symbolism make it a fascinating object of study and a source of national pride. Whether viewed as a work of art or a piece of history, the crown is a testament to the enduring power and appeal of the English monarchy.
